Analogy & Homology
Homology
(Humans and cats)
Homologous structures can be traced back to the last common ancestor that the animals share. For example, the leg of the cat and the arm of a person are examples of homology. Also, dolphin's flipper, bat's wing, cat's leg, and the human arm are considered homologous structures. Whereas human beings have bones such as the humerus, ulna, radius, wrist bones, and fingers, these features appear as similar bones in the form in the other animals. Bats, whales, and many other animals have very similar homologous structures, demonstrating that these creatures all had a common ancestor.
Analogy
(Sharks and Dolphins)
Dolphins and Sharks relatively close, both marine vertebrates, have similar structures.
Analogous traits are similar pieces of anatomy in different organisms. Which are great examples in sharks and dolphins in some of the differences are that typically sharks are solitary, cooled-blooded, and have a top speed of 30 mph. Sharks are members of the Chondrichthyes class. They evolved for ancestral fish the earliest branched from the dolphins. As for dolphins, they hunt in groups, are mammals and require air. Dolphins also have bones. Are warm-blooded. Dolphins are part of the mammalian class, Mammalia class are intelligent and hairy, they evolved from early mammals.
Some of the similarities are that they both Typically solitary. Have two dorsal fins. Are cartilaginous fish, need oxygen from water, through gills. Have tails with vertical fins, move them sideways to move forwards. Have a lateral line system to detect motion and vibration.
(Humans and cats)
Homologous structures can be traced back to the last common ancestor that the animals share. For example, the leg of the cat and the arm of a person are examples of homology. Also, dolphin's flipper, bat's wing, cat's leg, and the human arm are considered homologous structures. Whereas human beings have bones such as the humerus, ulna, radius, wrist bones, and fingers, these features appear as similar bones in the form in the other animals. Bats, whales, and many other animals have very similar homologous structures, demonstrating that these creatures all had a common ancestor.
Analogy
(Sharks and Dolphins)
Dolphins and Sharks relatively close, both marine vertebrates, have similar structures.
Analogous traits are similar pieces of anatomy in different organisms. Which are great examples in sharks and dolphins in some of the differences are that typically sharks are solitary, cooled-blooded, and have a top speed of 30 mph. Sharks are members of the Chondrichthyes class. They evolved for ancestral fish the earliest branched from the dolphins. As for dolphins, they hunt in groups, are mammals and require air. Dolphins also have bones. Are warm-blooded. Dolphins are part of the mammalian class, Mammalia class are intelligent and hairy, they evolved from early mammals.
Some of the similarities are that they both Typically solitary. Have two dorsal fins. Are cartilaginous fish, need oxygen from water, through gills. Have tails with vertical fins, move them sideways to move forwards. Have a lateral line system to detect motion and vibration.
The guidelines break up the prospective post into different prompts. Please format your post accordingly with different paragraphs for each prompt so that I can locate where you address each question more easily.
ReplyDeleteHomology:
This doesn't follow the guidelines for this section. It asks you to do the following:
a. Describe the two species you are comparing.
b. Describe the two traits you are comparing for those two species, focusing on the structural, functional and environmental differences in those traits.
c. Explain how you can use ancestry to confirm that these traits are homologous.
You broadly identify examples of homologs and you state that this demonstrates that they had a common ancestor. We need to do the reverse. You need to use ancestry to confirm homology. I can give some partial credit here, but you need to make sure you answer the prompts in the guidelines as asked.
Analogy:
You do a better of narrowing down your species to two. You then mention that they have similar structures but you don't identify the structures you are actually comparing. You list a few traits that they share at the end, but you seem to wander into a description of just sharks. Keep your descriptions clear.
You devote much of this section to ancestry and offer a lot of good information, but you don't show how this information can confirm that any of the traits you discuss are analogous.
The common ancestor of the dolphin and shark is an archaic fish, who did possess these fin structures and also passed that trait onto extant shark species. So the question is, did the dolphin also inherit it's fin from that common ancestor? Dolphins "fins" evolved after dolphins split off from terrestrial mammals, i.e., long after the split with ancient fish. This provides us with the evidence we need to confirm that this trait did evolve independently in at least one of these organisms, making these traits analogous.
Good images.